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Markdown
391 lines
No EOL
17 KiB
Markdown
# NCC Documentation
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This document serves the purpose of presenting the documentation for using/developing
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NCC, from basic installation, basic usage, standards and much more.
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## Table of contents
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<!-- TOC -->
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* [NCC Documentation](#ncc-documentation)
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* [Table of contents](#table-of-contents)
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* [Introduction](#introduction)
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* [What is NCC?](#what-is-ncc)
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* [Building NCC from source](#building-ncc-from-source)
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* [Requirements to build](#requirements-to-build)
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* [Installing phpab](#installing-phpab)
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* [Building NCC](#building-ncc)
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* [Redist](#redist)
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* [Tar](#tar)
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* [Installing NCC](#installing-ncc)
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* [Command line arguments](#command-line-arguments)
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* [Uninstalling NCC](#uninstalling-ncc)
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* [Projects](#projects)
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* [Creating a project](#creating-a-project)
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* [project.json structure](#projectjson-structure)
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* [project](#project)
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* [project.compiler](#projectcompiler)
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* [project.update_source](#projectupdatesource)
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* [Remote Sources](#remote-sources)
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* [Supported sources](#supported-sources)
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* [Default sources](#default-sources)
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* [Managing sources](#managing-sources)
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* [Adding a source](#adding-a-source)
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* [Removing a source](#removing-a-source)
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* [Listing sources](#listing-sources)
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* [Naming a package](#naming-a-package)
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* [Naming conventions](#naming-conventions)
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* [References](#references)
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<!-- TOC -->
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## Introduction
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This section serves the basic introduction of NCC, what it's used for and how you can use it in your own projects or use
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it to run and build other projects that are designed to be used with NCC.
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## What is NCC?
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NCC (*Acronym for **N**osial **C**ode **C**ompiler*) is a multi-purpose compiler, package manager and toolkit. Allowing
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projects to be managed and built more easily without having to mess with all the traditional tools that comes with your
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language of choice. Right now NCC only supports PHP as it's written in PHP but extensions for other languages/frameworks
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can be built into the software in the future when the need comes for it.
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NCC can make the process of building your code into a redistributable package much more efficient by treating each
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building block of your project as a component that is interconnected in your environment instead of the more popular
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route taken by package/dependency managers such as [composer](https://getcomposer.org/),[npm](https://www.npmjs.com/) or
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[pypi (or pip)](https://pypi.org/).
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------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Building NCC from source
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Building NCC from source is easy with very few requirements to start building. At the moment ncc can only be debugged or
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tested by building a redistributable source and installing it.
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## Requirements to build
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- php8.0+
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- php-mbstring
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- php-ctype
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- php-common (covers tokenizer & posix among others)
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- make
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- phpab
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- tar *(optional)*
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## Installing phpab
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phpab is also known as [PHP Autoload Builder](https://github.com/theseer/Autoload), phpab is an open source tool used
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for creating autoload files, ncc needs this tool in order to generate it's autoload files whenever there's any changes
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to its source code.
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This tool is only required for building and or creating a redistributable package of ncc. This component is not
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required to be installed to use ncc.
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for some components that require static loading, ncc will automatically load it using its own
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[autoloader](src/autoload/autoload.php)
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The recommended way to install phpab is by using [phive](https://phar.io/), if you don't have phive installed you can
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install it by running these commands in your terminal (from the official documentation)
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```shell
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wget -O phive.phar https://phar.io/releases/phive.phar
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wget -O phive.phar.asc https://phar.io/releases/phive.phar.asc
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gpg --keyserver hkps://keys.openpgp.org --recv-keys 0x9D8A98B29B2D5D79
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gpg --verify phive.phar.asc phive.phar
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chmod +x phive.phar
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sudo mv phive.phar /usr/local/bin/phive
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```
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Once phive is installed, you can run the final command to install phpab
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```shell
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sudo phive install phpab --global
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```
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or you can run this command to install it locally
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```shell
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phive install phpab
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```
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**Note:** Optionally, you may want to have `phab` available in your `$PATH`, this can be done with this command.
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*(Replace `x.xx.x` with your version number)* this is if you installed it locally
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```shell
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ln -s /home/user/.phive/phars/phpab-x.xx.x.phar /usr/local/bin/phpab
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```
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## Building NCC
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First, navigate to the main directory of NCC's source code where the [Makefile](Makefile) is present. If you
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already attempted to or had built ncc before, it's recommended to use `make clean` before building.
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### Redist
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Running `redist` from the Makefile will generate all the required autoloader for ncc and move all the required files
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into one redistributable source folder under a directory called `build/src`
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```shell
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make redist
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```
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### Tar
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Running `tar` will run redist before packaging the redistributable source into a tar.gz file that can be distributed to
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other machines, this process is not a requirement.
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```shell
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make tar
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```
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Once you have a populated `build/src` folder, you can simply run execute the `installer` file to install your build of
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ncc onto the running machine.
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------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Installing NCC
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Installing NCC is easy, you can either download the redistributable source from the [releases](https://git.n64.cc/nosial/ncc/-/releases)
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page or you can build it from source using the instructions above.
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Once you have the redistributable source, you can simply run execute the `INSTALL` file to install ncc onto the running
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machine.
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## Command line arguments
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The installer accepts a few command line arguments that can be used to customize the installation process.
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`--help` Displays the help message
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`--auto` Automatically installs ncc without asking for user input.
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**Note:** To install composer along with ncc, you must also provide the `--install-composer` argument.
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`--install-composer` Installs composer along with ncc. By default, ncc will not install composer and during the
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installation process you will be asked if you want to install composer along-side ncc, this will not conflict
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with any existing composer installation.
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`--install-dir` Specifies the directory where ncc will be installed to. By default, ncc will be installed to `/etc/ncc`
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`--bypass-cli-check` Bypasses the check in the installer that checks if the installer is being run from the command
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line, this is useful if you want to install ncc from a script.
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`--bypass-checksum` Bypasses the checksum check in the installer, this is useful if you made modifications to the
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installation files and want to install a modified version of ncc.
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But this isn't recommended and the proper way to do this is to modify the source code and build ncc from source,
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the Makefile task will automatically rebuild the checksum file for you.
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------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Uninstalling NCC
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Uninstalling NCC is easy, simply delete the directory where ncc was installed to, by default this is `/etc/ncc`.
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It's recommended to run `ncc package --uninstall-all` before uninstalling ncc, this will uninstall all the packages
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that were installed using ncc and remove any artifacts that were created by these packages.
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**Note:**
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- To delete all the data that ncc has created, you can also delete the `/var/ncc` directory.
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- Finally, remove the symlink that was created in `/usr/local/bin`to the `ncc` entry point file.
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------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Projects
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A project is a directory that contains all the source files to your program, it's similar to a workspace in other IDEs.
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Usually contains a `project.json` file which contains all the information about the project that ncc needs to know.
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This can include the name of the program, the version of the program, the author of the program, the dependencies of the
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program, build configurations, and more.
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This section will cover the basics of creating a project and managing it and the technical details of the `project.json`
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file.
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## Creating a project
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This is the first step in using ncc, you must create a project before you can do anything else (*not really because you
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can install packages without needing to create a project and run them directly, but you get the point*)
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The NCC command-line tool provides a management command called `project` that can be used to create a new project
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or to manage an existing project.
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```shell
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ncc project create --package "com.example.program" --name "Example Program"
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```
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This command will create a new project in the current directory, the `--package` argument specifies the package name of
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the project, this is used to identify the project and to avoid conflicts with other projects that may have the same name.
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The `--name` argument specifies the name of the project, this is used to display the name of the project in the project
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manager and in the project settings. This doesn't have to be the same as the package name or unique.
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**Note:** If the options are not provided, the command will prompt you for the package name and the project name.
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For more information about the project command, you can run `ncc project --help` to display the help message.
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## project.json structure
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The `project.json` file is a JSON file that contains all the information about the project.
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When a project is created, the `project.json` file is automatically created and populated with the default values, you
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can modify this file to change the default values or to add more information about the project.
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This section will go over the structure of the `project.json` file and what each field does.
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### project
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The `project` field contains information about the project, such as what compiler extension to use, options to pass on
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to the compiler, and more.
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| Name | Type | Required | Description |
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|---------------|--------------------------------------|----------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
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| compiler | [project.compiler](#projectcompiler) | Yes | The compiler extension that the project uses to compile the program |
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| options | `array` | No | An array of options to pass on to the compiler, the options vary depending on the compiler and NCC |
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| update_source | `project.update_source` | No | The source for where the program can fetch updates from |
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### project.compiler
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The `project.compiler` field contains information about the compiler extension that the project uses to compile
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the program.
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| Name | Type | Required | Description |
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|-----------------|----------|----------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
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| extension | `string` | Yes | The name of the compiler extension that the project uses to compile the program |
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| minimum_version | `string` | No | The minimum version of the compiler extension that the project requires to compile the program |
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| maximum_version | `string` | No | The maximum version of the compiler extension that the project requires to compile the program |
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### project.update_source
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The `project.update_source` field contains information about the source where the program can fetch updates from.
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| Name | Type | Required | Description |
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|------|----------|----------|-----------------------------------------------------------|
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|source| `string` | Yes | The source where the program can fetch updates from, see |
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# Remote Sources
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Remote Sources are the locations where packages can be downloaded from, they are similar to repositories in other package
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managers. They follow a simple syntax that allows you to specify the type of source, the location of the source, and more.
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Examples of sources are:
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- `symfony/process=latest@composer` - This is a package from the `symfony/process` package from the `composer` source
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- `nosial/libs.config=latest@n64` - This is a package from the `nosial/libs.config` package from the `git.n64.cc` source
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A full example syntax may look like this:
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```
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<vendor>/<package>:<branch>=<version>@<source name>
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```
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This syntax is used to specify a package from a source, the syntax is split into 4 parts:
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- The vendor of the package
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- The name of the package
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- The branch of the package (optional)
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- The version of the package (optional)
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- The name of the source (needs to be configured in ncc)
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## Supported sources
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NCC supports the following sources:
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- `github` - This source uses the GitHub API to fetch packages from GitHub (Included in the default sources)
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- `gitlab` - This source uses the GitLab API to fetch packages from GitLab (Can be used with self-hosted GitLab instances)
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Additional support for other sources will be added in the future.
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## Default sources
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NCC comes with a few default sources that are configured by default, these sources are:
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- packagist.org (`composer`) **Note:** This is an internal source that uses `composer` to fetch packages from packagist.org.
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this is not configurable by the user.
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- api.github.com (`github`)
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- gitlab.com (`gitlab`)
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- git.n64.cc (`n64`)
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- gitgud.io (`gitgud`)
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Additional sources can be added by the user. See [Adding a source](#adding-a-source) for more information.
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## Managing sources
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You can manage sources using the `source` command in the ncc command-line tool. This command can be used to add, remove,
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and list sources. For more information about the `source` command, you can run `ncc source --help` to display the help
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message.
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### Adding a source
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To add a source, you can use the `add` command in the ncc `source` command-line tool.
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```shell
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ncc source add --name "github" --type "github" --host "github.com" --ssl
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```
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This command will add a new source called `github` with the type `github` and the host `github.com`, the `--ssl` option
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will tell ncc to use HTTPS instead of HTTP when fetching packages from this source.
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The reason to specify the type of source is to tell ncc what API to use when fetching packages from this source, for
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example if you specify the type as `github` then ncc will use the GitHub API to fetch packages from this source so it's
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important to specify the correct type when adding a source.
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> **Note:** You need root permissions to add a source
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### Removing a source
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To remove a source, you can use the `remove` command in the ncc `source` command-line tool.
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```shell
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ncc source remove --name "github"
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```
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> **Note:** You need root permissions to remove a source
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> **Note:** Removing a source also removes the ability for some packages to be fetched or updated from this source
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### Listing sources
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To list all the sources, you can use the `list` command in the ncc `source` command-line tool.
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```shell
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ncc source list
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```
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------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Naming a package
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NCC Follows the same naming convention as Java's naming convention. The purpose of naming a package this way is
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to easily create a "Name" of the package, this string of information contains
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- The developer/organization behind the package
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- The package name itself
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## Naming conventions
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Package names are written in all lower-case due to the fact that some operating systems treats file names
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differently, for example on Linux `Aa.txt` and `aa.txt`are two entirely different file names because of the
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capitalization and on Windows it's treated as the same file name.
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Organizations or small developers use their domain name in reverse to begin their package names, for example
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`net.nosial.example` is a package named `example` created by a programmer at `nosial.net`
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Just like the Java naming convention, to avoid conflicts of the same package name developers can use something
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different, for example as pointed out in Java's package naming convention developers can instead use something
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like a region to name packages, for example `net.nosial.region.example`
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## References
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For Java's package naming conventions see [Naming a Package](https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/java/package/namingpkgs.html)
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from the Oracle's Java documentation resource, as the same rules apply to NCC except for *some* illegal naming
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conventions such as packages not being able to begin with `int` or numbers |